Impacto de Sambo en la lateralidad y estructura espacial en niños de 4-6 años
Impact of Sambo on Laterality and Spatial Structuring in Children Aged 4–6 YearsBarra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
El objetivo del presente artículo fue determinar el impacto de un programa de intervención basado en Sambo en el desarrollo de la lateralidad y la estructuración espacial en niños de 4 a 6 años. Se utilizó un diseño de análisis cuantitativo, cuasi-experimental pretest-postest con grupo control, aplicado a una muestra de 40 preescolares, a través de dos instrumentos, escala de lateralidad y escala de estructuración espacial. Los resultados de la intervención demostraron alta eficacia en el desarrollo psicomotor de los preescolares; la estructuración espacial evidenció una mejora de 4,2 puntos (107%), pasando de nivel bajo a alto. En lateralidad, el grupo experimental superó al control por 2,8 puntos (56%) y se identificó una relación dosis-respuesta, evidenciando que 3 horas semanales generaron mejoras de 3,7 a 3,9 puntos. Se recomienda implementar de 2 a 3 sesiones semanales de 45 a 60 minutos con protocolos estandarizados y supervisión especializada para optimizar los beneficios.
This study aimed to determine the impact of a Sambo-based intervention program on the development of laterality and spatial structuring in children aged 4–6 years. A quantitative, quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with a control group was used. Two instruments—the laterality scale and the spatial structuring scale—were administered to a sample of 40 preschoolers. The intervention results demonstrated high efficacy in psychomotor development: spatial structuring improved by 4.2 points (107%), shifting from a low to a high level. For laterality, the experimental group outperformed the control group by 2.8 points (56%). A dose–response relationship was identified, indicating that 3 hours per week generated improvements of 3.7–3.9 points. It is recommended to implement two to three weekly sessions of 45–60 minutes with standardized protocols and specialized supervision to optimize benefits.
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Amorim, N., Marques, A. y Santos, S. (2024). Beyond the classroom: Investigating the relationship between psychomotor development and academic achievement in 4–12-year-olds. Children, 11(8), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080973
Badau, A. y Badau, D. (2024). Identifying the Differences in Symmetry of the Anthropometric Parameters of the Upper Limbs in Relation to Manual Laterality between Athletes Who Practice Sports with and without a Ball. Symmetry, 16(5), 558. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16010028
Badau, D., Badau, A., Joksimović, M., Manescu, C. O., Manescu, D. C., Dinciu, C. C., . . . Neofit, A. (2023). Identifying the level of symmetrization of reaction time according to manual lateralization between team sports athletes, individual sports athletes, and non-athletes. Symmetry, 16(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16010028
Blomqvist, T. (2024). Socialization in Sambo and Inter-Generational Transfer of Sambo Value. Italian Sociological Review, 14(2), 363-383. https://doi.org/10.13136/isr.v14i2.732
Borrego, F. J., Martínez, A., Morales, V. y Díaz, A. (2021). Influence of the psychomotor profile in the improvement of learning in early childhood education. International journal of environmental research public health, 18(23), 12655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312655
Graham, M., Azevedo, L., Wright, M. y Innerd, A. L. (2022). The effectiveness of fundamental movement skill interventions on moderate to vigorous physical activity levels in 5-to 11-year-old children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(5), 1067-1090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01599-3
Joshua, A. M., Karthikbabu, S., Joshua, A. M., Joshua, A. M., Joshua, A. M., Karthikbabu, S., . . . Joshua, A. M. (2022). Therapeutic approaches. In Physiotherapy for adult neurological conditions (pp. 31-183). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0209-3_2
Liao, K.-F., Nassis, G., Bishop, C., Yang, W., Bian, C. y Li, Y.-M. (2022). Effects of unilateral vs. bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of strength, jump, linear and change of direction speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biology of Sport, 39(3), 485-497. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.107024
Manuatu, B. J. (2023). Enemy at the Gates: Soviet Sambo and the US Martial Arts Community, 1964–1980. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 40(8), 680-698. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2023.2226084
Mariani, A. M. y Lembo, L. (2021). Multisensory training: motor learning and sports performance in young athletes. Journal of Inclusive Methodology Technology in LearningTeaching, 1(1). https://www.inclusiveteaching.it/index.php/inclusiveteaching/article/view/4
Mattson, M. P. y Leak, R. K. (2024). The hormesis principle of neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Cell Metabolism, 36(2), 315-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.022
Moschos, G. y Pollatou, E. (2022). The effect of a psychomotor intervention program in children 3–10 years of age: a systematic review. Body, Movement Dance in Psychotherapy, 17(4), 294-309. https://doi.org/10.1080/17432979.2022.2078406
Moschos, G., Pollatou, E., Kambas, A. y Bekiari, A. J. (2023). The effect of psychomotor intervention program on emotional competence and behaviour problems in children four to five years of age. Body, Movement Dance in Psychotherapy, 18(3), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/17432979.2023.2227890
Mudayat, M., Arisman, A. y Putra, D. D. (2024). Training Methodologies in Sambo: A Comparative Study with other Martial Arts. Jurnal Performa Olahraga, 9(1), 41-49. https://performa.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/kepel/article/view/661
Romero, F. J., Andreu, E. y Arnau, A. F. (2023). Neuromotricity and body schema. Bases for the use of body percussion in the sciences of physical education and sport. Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 47. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95922
Sampaio, A. S. B., Real, C. C., Gutierrez, R. M. S., Singulani, M. P., Alouche, S. R., Britto, L. R. y Pires, R. S. (2021). Neuroplasticity induced by the retention period of a complex motor skill learning in rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 414, 113480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113480
Stanciu, C. y Ene-Voiciulescu, V. (2024). A Narrative Review on the Motivational Factors And Benefits of Using Crossfit Elements in the Training of Combat Sports (Judo and Sambo). Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series IX: Sciences of Human Kinetics, 141-148. https://doi.org/10.31926/but.shk.2024.17.66.1.27
Stukova, E. A., Byankina, L. V., Manikovskaya, M. A., Galitsyn, S. V. y Byankin, V. V. (2023). Implementation of the principle of consciousness and activity in the process of training young sambo wrestlers as the embodiment of harmony between body and spirit. Retos, 47, 887-892. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.93487
Torres, M.-J., Aedo, E., Hernández, C., Brito, C. J. y Miarka, B. (2022). Fundamental contributions of neuroscience to motor learning in children: a systematic review. Motricidade, 18(2), 312-322. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.25216
Valladares, M. E., Navarro, J. A., Rojas, J. L. y Nieto, S. P. (2025). The contribution of rhythmic gymnastics to the psychomotor development of preschool or kindergarten students. E-Acadêmica, 6(2), e1262651-e1262651. https://doi.org/10.52076/eacad-v6i2.651
Villalva, M. L., Chicaiza, A. J., Guamangallo, F. J. y Claudio, L. M. (2024). El desarrollo psicomotor en la Educación Inicial y su influencia en el rendimiento académico y físico en la Educación Básica: Un enfoque interdisciplinario. Ciencia y Educación, 5(10), 6-27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13821405
Vorozheikin, A., Glukhov, A., Sushchenko, V., Bakayev, V., Kraynik, V., Davidenko, I., . . . Tyupa, P. (2024). The educational and training program at the preparatory stage for young Sambo athletes. Journal of Physical Education Sport, 24(10), 1376-1383. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2024.10261
Zhang, W., Chen, X., Xu, K., Xie, H., Li, D., Ding, S. y Sun, J. (2023). Effect of unilateral training and bilateral training on physical performance: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in physiology, 14, 1128250. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1128250
Zholdasbay, A. (2023a). Communication Aspects of Sport in the Context of Sambo: Basics of Athlete Recruitment and Dynamics of the Federation's Communication Development. J. Int'l Legal Commc'n, 11, 106-116. https://doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2023.11.4.pp.106-116
Zholdasbay, A. (2023b). Legal aspects of sport: A study of the sambo. Legal Horizons, 74-85. https://doi.org/10.54477/LH.25192353.2023.3.pp.74-85